就在今晚
记得抬头看！
10月17日19时26分
月球将迎来“望”
也就是满月时刻
而17日8时51分月球又过近地点
天文专家表示
这是今年满月时刻与月球近地点时刻
最接近的一次
两者相差不到11个小时
于是这轮满月也就成为
年度最大满月
是一轮“超级月亮”
Keep your eyes along the horizon at dusk to witness a stunning lunar display rise this evening. The closest supermoon of the year will soon loom large and bright in the autumn sky.
这轮“胖月”是怎么来的
月球绕地球运转的轨道是个椭圆形，月球有时离地球近，有时离地球远。离地球最近点称为近地点，反之称为远地点。
超级月亮，从天文角度看，是近地点的满月。换句话说，满月发生时，月球离地球越近，人们看到的满月也就越大，比平时也显得更亮，也就出现了“超级月亮”。
The celestial phenomenon happens a few times during every lunar cycle because the moon's orbit is elliptical, meaning there are intervals when Earth’s only permanent natural satellite is closer or farther from the planet.
Along the lunar orbital path, the point of closest proximity is known as perigee, which is when the moon is, on average, 226,000 miles (363,300 kilometers) from Earth. When a full moon phase coincides with perigee, a supermoon event occurs.
而一年当中距离地球最近的那一次满月，即为年度最大满月。这里讲的最大，其实是指视直径最大，也就是人们看到的月亮最大。根据天文观察，同样是满月，在近地点比在远地点，其视直径大14%，视面积大30%。
这次的满月与9月18日的满月相比，一是月球距离地球最近与月亮最圆的间隔时间，前者（11小时）比后者更短；二是月亮近地点的距离，前者（357428公里）比后者更近。因此前者成为了今年最圆最大的“超级月亮”。
Typically, the moon orbits an average distance of about 238,855 miles (384,400 kilometers) from its host planet, but during this month's supermoon, it will be just 222,095 miles (357,428 kilometers) from Earth, making it the closest full moon of 2024.
A full supermoon is estimated to appear up to 30 percent brighter and nearly 14 percent bigger than a full moon at its farthest from Earth.
10月的这轮满月又称为狩猎月（Hunter's moon）。这个名字起源于美洲土著，因为它恰逢狩猎季节的开始，并为猎人们提供了发现潜伏在新近收割的田地中的猎物的好时机。
The full moon in October is known as the Hunter's moon, which originated from Native Americans. Because it takes place around the start of hunting season and traditionally offered a key opportunity to spot prey lurking in recently harvested fields.
狩猎月之前的满月又被称为“丰收月”（Harvest Moon），是最接近秋分时的满月。这段时期日落后不久就会出现月出，月光明亮充足，有助于农民收割作物、清理田地。田地清理干净后，有助于之后狩猎月的猎人们追踪猎物。
For several evenings, the moonrise comes soon after sunset. This results in an abundance of bright moonlight early in the evening, which was a traditional aid to farmers and crews harvesting their summer-grown crops. Hence, it's called the Harvest Moon!
Since fields had recently been cleared out under the Harvest Moon, hunters could easily spot deer and other animals that had come out to search for remaining scraps.
从一次满月到下一次满月的这个周期在天文学中称为“朔望月”，大概每隔29.5天就会发生一次。在这个过程中，人们会随着月球的运动，慢慢欣赏到蛾眉月、上弦月、盈凸月、满月、亏凸月等等不同的阴晴圆缺。
这么多月相（moon phases），用英文怎么说呢？
新月 new moon
上弦月 first quarter
盈凸月 waxing gibbous
满月 full moon
亏凸月 waning gibbous
下弦月 third quarter, last quarter
还有好多关于月亮的英文知识，你都晓得哪些呢？
关于月亮的美词佳句与英文表达
描述月亮的英文词汇
dreamy 梦幻般的
glowing 泛着光芒
silver light 银色的月光
otherworldly 超凡脱俗的
ethereal [i'θiəriəl] 缥缈如仙，非尘世间的
crescent ['kresənt] 一弯新月
enchanting 迷人的
tranquil 宁静的
serene 宁静的
luminous 明亮的
ablaze 闪耀的
shimmer 微光闪烁
silhouette [,silu:'et] 轮廓，剪影
evanescent [,i:və'nesənt] 缥缈，易消散的
bright and pure皎洁的
关于月亮的英文佳句
“Moonlight drowns out all but the brightest stars.”
月光淹没了所有的星星，除了那些最明亮的星星。
— J.R.R. Tolkien, The Lord of the Rings
托尔金，《指环王》
“Don't tell me the moon is shining; show me the glint of light on broken glass.”
别告诉我月正亮，给我看破碎玻璃上闪烁的光。
― Anton Chekhov 契诃夫
“The moon is a loyal companion.
月亮是忠实的伴侣。
It never leaves. It’s always there, watching, steadfast, knowing us in our light and dark moments, changing forever just as we do. Every day it’s a different version of itself. Sometimes weak and wan, sometimes strong and full of light. The moon understands what it means to be human.
它从不离人而去。它总是悬在那儿，看着，稳稳地，知道我们最光辉和晦暗的时刻，和我们一样善变。每天都是一个新的自己。有时黯淡微弱，有时光芒四射。月亮懂得人是什么样子的。
Uncertain. Alone. Cratered by imperfections.”
游移不定。孓然孤独。布满了不完美的瑕疵。
― Tahereh Mafi, Shatter Me
Tahereh Mafi，《击碎我》
关于moon的英文表达
over the moon 欣喜若狂
If we win any of these games, the whole country will be over the moon.
如果我们赢得任何一场比赛，整个国家都会欣喜若狂。
ask for the moon 异想天开
Are we asking for the moon here?
我们是不是太异想天开了？
once in a blue moon 千载难逢
Terry would go back to Montreal, probably marry Susan, probably fly home once in a blue moon to see his father.
特里会回到蒙特利尔，也许会和苏珊结婚，偶尔也许会飞回家看看父亲。
moon about/around 闲逛
I wish you'd stop mooning about and do something useful!
我希望你别再虚度光阴了，做点有用的事情！
来源：中国日报双语新闻
